Tuesday, January 5, 2010

The Magical Negro

I was recently exposed to the concept of "The Magical Negro", a tv and movie trope in which a white protagonist is aided by a African character. Often, this character will possess some variety of super-natural powers, be disabled and/or of visibly low status, and be patient and wise. This aid will be entirely altruistic, purely out of the goodness of the character's heart, and will often be the only contribution of that character to the story.

And it's true that endless examples of this can be found. From Will Smith in "The Legend of Bagger Vance", to The Oracle in "The Matrix", to Whoopi Goldberg on "Star Trek: TNG", to Morgan Freeman in "Robin Hood", to Morgan Freeman in "The Shawshank Redeption", to Morgan Freeman in "Bruce/Evan Almighty...

Yet somehow this didn't sit well with me: not the phenomenon but the very concept itself. "Aren't we supposed to strive towards not seeing colour?" I though, though that's a rather arrogant view if this truly indicates a problem.

Eventually I realised that I was uncomfortable with how the question is being posed, implicitly asking "How many examples of this character being black can you think of?" And, lo and behold, a slew of black examples are returned as the answer. I wondered what one might find if, on the other hand, one searched for such characters from any ethic background?

So that's what I did. Went through my list of favourite movies, noting where I could each character that fit the definition above, the results of which are in the table at the end of this post, and a racial summary shown in the chart at left. This wasn't a formal study, of course, and from about 250 films only 30 characters came to mind. Part of the difficulty again stems from the definition of a "magical helper". The help offered must be altrustic, i.e. not befitting the character himself—at the same time, the character is defined as one-dimensional, with no background, existing solely to help the protangonists. But, without knowing the character's background, how can we know his reasons for helping? For example, in "It's a Wonderful Life", (spoilers ahead), we know Clarence helps George Bailey in order to get his wings—had the story not given us that background on Clarence, would his help then become altruistic, and his character become a magical helper?

Despite that, from these rough results in seems that far more of these characters are Caucasian than of African origin; in fact, the number of these helpful characters played by black-skinned people is about the same as the number played by animals. And this shows the crux of my issue with this question: what would be the "correct" percentage of African characters to play this part? If examples of this character were invariably white, wouldn't the complaint become that Africans are never shown as altruistic characters with the virtues of patience and understanding? I posit that there is no "correct" ratio of ethnicity here, no more than there would be a correct ratio of hair-length, age, occupation or anything else unrelated to the character's part in the story.

































RoleActorRace
RedMorgan Freeman African American
The WolfHarvey Keitel Caucasian
Obi Wan KenobiAlec Guiness Caucasian
R2D2 & C3P0--Robot
Motivational SpeakerBrian Cox Caucasian
Tim Roth's Supervisor--African American
Oogway--Animal
Various sea creatures--Animal
Miracle Max & Wife Billy CrystalCaucasian
Silent BobKevin Smith Caucasian
Turnip Head the Scarcrow--Object
JournalistPhilip Seymour Hoffman Caucasian
The SphinxWes Studi Native American
RufusGeorge Carlin Causcasian
S. R. HaddenJohn Hurt Caucasian
Shepherd BookRon Glass African American
NickRobert Prosky Caucasian
SylvaNatascha McElhone Caucasian
Curly WashburnJack Palance Caucasian
The HermitTommey Tweed Caucasian
Gaby LaRocheSyme JagoCaucasian
SebastianSamuel E. Wright Animal
Lisle Von RhomanIsabella Rossellini Caucasian
Peter MalloyTom Selleck Caucasian
Mary PoppinsJulie Andrews Caucasian
Nikola TeslaDavid Bowie Caucasian
Wilson VolleyballObject
Andrew the ButlerRoddy McDowall Caucasian
Del PaxtonBill Cobbs African American

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